The European Union's Falsified Medicines Directive (FMD) has been fully implemented since February 2019. The EU operates the European Medicines Verification System (EMVS) as a pan-European repository for unique identifiers.
Regulatory Authority
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) coordinates FMD implementation across the EU. National competent authorities (NCAs) enforce FMD in each member state. The European Medicines Verification Organisation (EMVO) manages the European Hub.
EMVS Architecture
The EMVS consists of the European Hub (managed by EMVO) and 27+ national medicines verification systems (NMVSs). Manufacturers upload unique identifiers to the European Hub, which distributes them to NMVSs. Dispensers verify products against their national NMVS at the point of dispensing.